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Tuesday, August 10th, 2010

Is data visualisation getting a bad name?

I was pleased to see graphic design in the news this week, for reasons other than the usual public and tabloid outrage over massive fees for ‘just a logo’. Data visualisation was the subject of a small report and studio discussion on BBC2’s Newsnight show, featuring ‘infographic’ advocate David McCandless, and design heavyweight Neville Brody duking it out.

The general argument on the part of McCandless is that we are saturated with data these days, and that his work and that of others is exploring new ways of presenting it, in order to give abstract subjects some context or relevance. That such projects can also be beautiful is a serendipitous by-product of this exercise.

Brody took the opposing view, largely consistent with my own, that superfluous artistry serves to cloud the very facts the graphics are trying to represent, and that this is potentially dangerous.

 

Ganging up on the new guy

The studio debate felt fairly one-sided to me – McCandless is clearly less experienced in discussing design at a deep level than Brody, and presenter Kirsty Wark seemed to treat McCandless as some kind of nefarious, truth-concealing politician, rather than the jobbing designer/author that he is. You could see Brody trying to get some decent responses from McCandless, but none were really forthcoming, which is a shame, as he had some valid points, which just weren’t asserted hard enough.

What I think McCandless was trying to say was that with the massive and constant streams of data to which we now have access, their meaning can be lost, and that representing information visually can help people better digest it. Wark suggested that such methods could also be used by political parties, to ‘spin’ stories. Her tone angered me, as it felt as though she had exposed McCandless as having invented a new tool for politicians to hoodwink us with. No Kirsty, you’ve just realised what graphic design is about.

 

Truth

Graphic design is all about communication, and for the most part, this is to influence people’s behaviour. Whether you’re designing a gas bill, a poster for a concert, a leaflet about diabetes, or a website for a chartered accountant, you’re spinning something. Sure, most designers have a level of integrity in their work, but to suggest that design is about presenting pure facts, with absolutely no subjectivity, is complete rubbish.

The thing is, the need for good data visualisation is probably greater than ever. It’s just that there’s a hell of a lot of rubbish ‘infographics’ out there which makes one think the discipline is a waste of time. Much of what I see definitely clouds the facts therein, drenched as they are in lovely shapes, colours and typefaces which distract, rather than inform. Even the term ‘infographic’ makes it sound like a throwaway, consumable item, to be Tweeted to your friends, along with a link to a blog post entitled ‘67 awesome shopping cart icons’, and then forgotten.

 

The message

Designers have a responsibility, either to their client, to their client’s audience, or to the information itself, to ensure that a message is communicated, and received. If it’s necessary to influence people’s reactions, for whatever your reasons, then that’s fine; it’s your job to do that. If you’re just playing the narcissist on your Macbook Pro, under the auspices of being a force for truth, then you’re not a designer.

As is often the case, Paul Rand said it best: ‘When form predominates, meaning is blunted. But when content predominates, interest lags.’ It is the job of the designer to find this balance, if information, and its meaning, is to be understood.

To finish, here’s a great pastiche infographic, which sums up my concerns very nicely. Thanks to Phil Gyford for the permission to use it.

Phil Gyfords infographic

Phil Gyford's infographic

Creative Networks - Patrick Burgoyne from Creative Review

Friday, June 26th, 2009

It was a full house in the lecture theatre at Leeds College of Art & Design last night, for June’s Creative Networks get-together. There was a nice pre-talk vibe due to it coinciding with the end-of-year shows for the various creative courses at the college. A jazz band was playing, and I didn’t hear any complaints about the prevalence of free food and wine! Unfortunately time restraints meant I only got to the venue 20 minutes before the main event, and only the Visual Communications exhibit was still open afterwards. However, that show was very inspiring, and I picked up a good few business cards to check out later.

Creative Networks has a reputation for bagging noteworthy speakers, with this evening’s being no less distinguished. Creative Review editor Patrick Burgoyne was here to give a talk entitled ‘Labels and where to stick them’.

Covers

Burgoyne opened with a brief history of the visual style of Creative Review’s covers. We saw a number of covers spanning the magazine’s 29 year life span, from its distinctly ’80s-looking early designs, through to the present day. It’s easy to laugh at the earlier covers, but obviously it’s the job of a title like Creative Review to reflect the visual styles that help shape culture at that time. It was interesting that Burgoyne admitted they have always struggled with doing something interesting with the magazine’s masthead, seeing as it’s a relatively unwieldy title. The current, pared-down ‘CR’ marque is a good solution, especially as it’s easily adaptable to multiple platforms.

It was also quite alarming to learn that the whole magazine is seemngly put together by about five people, with one person designing and laying out the entire publication! Very impressive.

Focus on craft

We were then shown some examples of the magazine’s recent trend of using the cover to summarise its main articles in a single design. Brazilian woodblock printers, Spanish sign makers and Indian vinyl sticker producers have all been employed in recent issues, and it’s heartening to see this kind of dedication to physical craft, at a time when so much focus is placed on digital media. To underline this, we then saw a short film on the aforementioned Indian graphic style known as ‘radium’, used to decorate Mumbai taxis. It was a fascinating little film (once the technical issues had been sorted out - mental note: NEVER embed a video into Powerpoint!), made more poignant with the knowledge that the local government are trying to ban this striking visual art form, supposedly for reasons of taste!

One person: many hats

Moving on from the ‘real world’, Burgoyne then spoke about Creative Review’s online presence. The creative industries are in a state of flux right now, and Patrick stated that this was both exciting and terrifying, as no one really knows how things will pan out. This is where the title of the talk began to make more sense, as where there were once very distinct boundaries within the creative industries (design, advertising, production, print, etc.), these can now all be undertaken by an individual, due to technology. As a prime example, he cited Sheffield agency Universal Everything, which is essentially one guy and an assistant working from home, but with an international network of suppliers. Being so small hasn’t stopped them working on impressive projects for the likes of Nokia.

Next, we saw a video of the quite staggering kinetic sculpture at the BMW museum, made from 714 individually programmable suspended metal spheres, used to form patterns and shapes. Is it art? Advertising? Engineering? Hard to say. Along with a couple of other projects, Burgoyne mused on whether we need labels anymore, in such a fluid environment. To my mind, this isn’t a recent thing. You only need to look at the work of people like Saul Bass or Paul Rand - work with a distinct commercial focus, but created with a beauty and heart that elicits emotional responses more akin to art than marketing.

The state of advertising

Although the design scene is thriving (creatively, if not necessarily commercially) at the moment, Patrick suggested that advertising is having real problems. Gone are the days when agencies could just throw money at a campaign, and buy their way into people’s awareness. Few agencies are making true progress with things like social media. However, Burger King’s “Whopper Sacrifice” was a deft piece of marketing, which proved so successful Facebook pulled it down.

The future

Patrick closed his talk by urging the exhibiting soon-to-be graduates in the audiences to be excited about entering the creative industries, even in a recession. He reminded us that 50-year-old creative directors can often be out of touch, and are turning to the juniors for direction on how to run things. This was good to hear, especially at a time when jobs in design are at a particular low.

There was a short Q&A, which focussed a lot on the future of print media in the face of the digital onslaught. Patrick felt that there will always be a place for tactile product, even if this ends up being marginalised. Personally, I never plan on keeping a laptop in the bathroom for a read!

It was an interesting and thought-provoking talk. The numerous technical glitches did halt momentum a little, but I was certainly glad to have attended. The creative industries are definitely more fluid now, and it’s hard to pigeonhole exactly what people do. However, we all still need to be able to sum up what we do, so I think there will always be need for labels.

And if you don’t already, I highly recommend you follow Creative Review on Twitter.